The Vietnam War Protests and the Antiwar Movement

The American And French Revolutions - 1549 Words

The Enlightenment was a period of great thinkers trying to solve the world’s mistakes with logic. Their ideas eventually affected later Revolutions. The American and French Revolutions were very inspiring around the world. Enlightenment had an impact on the American and French Revolution in many ways. There were 3 main Enlightenment thinkers who affected the revolutions the most. John Locke believed people were reasonable and moral. He also thought we should have natural rights instead of a powerful government. This idea would eventually lead to the creation of a democratic government instead of a monarchy. The best way to protect liberty, Montesquieu believed, was to divide the power and jobs of government to 3 areas or branches: the†¦show more content†¦Thomas Jefferson, the head author of the Declaration of Independence, wrote a document that expressed John Locke’s ideas of government’s commitment to protect the people’s natural rights to †Å"life, liberty, and property.† Some other ideas reflected in the Declaration of Independence were individual freedom and a government by the people, which were both ideas that came from the Enlightenment era. The Bill of Rights, like the Constitution, put the philosophes’ Enlightenment ideas into practice. When the Articles of Confederation had proven to be weak, the American leaders gathered together to fix the weaknesses. The leaders had studied history including the ideas of Locke, Montesquieu, and Rousseau. The Constitution created a federal republic which separated the ruler from having all the power and creating a monarchy. The main feature of the new federal government was the power being separated into the legislative, executive, and judicial branches which were taken from the ideas of Montesquieu. The Bill of Rights recognized the idea that people had rights the government must protect such as freedom, speech, and press, suggesting the ideas of natural rights from Locke. Since the French were involved in the American Revolution by fighting against their old enemy, Britain, along side the Americans, they picked up some ideas that were eventually taken back to France. The people liked the ideas of a new government where the people ruled

A Brief Note On Sepsis And Septic Shock - 9966 Words

SEPSIS/SEPTIC SHOCK - 2013 Pathophysiology questions (50 points) Adv Nursing questions (85 points) Pharmacology (30 points) 1. Discuss the magnitude of bacteremia and sepsis in hospitalized patients and the relationship between these two diagnoses. (5 points) Septic shock is the leading cause of death for patients in intensive care units and is the final stage in a continuum of infectious and inflammatory processes. This continuum begins with bacteremia, which is the presence of bacteria in the blood. Normally the body’s immune system can fight off a localized infection caused by a small amount of bacteria in the blood and the person will remain asymptomatic. However, a hospitalized patient could be immunocompromised, have a†¦show more content†¦The systemic inflammatory response is the next step in the continuum and is a nonspecific inflammatory state that may be seen with an infection. Sepsis is the presence of the systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) with evidence of infection. As the bacteria invade the bloodstream, they release endotoxins that damage the endothelial cell lining and impair the vascular system, coagulation mechanism, and immune system. These endotoxins also trigger the immune and inflammatory responses, which results in the activation of macrophages and CD4 cells that release proinflammatory cytokines to create a systemic inflammatory response to the pathogen. Hospitalized patients may quickly progress from bacteremia to sepsis and finally to septic shock, even with treatment. 2. What are the risk factors for infection and development of septic shock? Identify those that applied to Mr. Roberts. (5 points) Risk factors for infection can be anything that suppresses the ability of the host to resist the infectious pathogen, including the following: drugs, such as steroids and chemotherapy; disorders that affect the innate and adaptive immune responses, such as cancer, leukopenia, and HIV/AIDS; and a breakdown of the first line of defense, such a trauma, broken skin, or surgical wounds. Patients are at risk for developing sepsis and septic shock if they are very old or very young and have and inability to fight off the infection. Some other risk factors for the

Analyse The Service Management System And Strategy of Amazon

Question: Discuss about the Analyse The Service Management System And Strategy of Amazon. Answer: Introduction The following text discusses the service management of the company named Amazon and how the different service model of applies to the company. The objective of the study is given. The focus is given to the ITIL (information technology Infrastructure library) service management process (Zurich, 2017). Five stages of this infrastructure is explained. The part of the system that applies to Amazon are discusses. The different operational activity that applies to the Amazon internet base system is given. Amazon is known as the customer-oriented company and operates on higher margin of profit, though there are, some challenges that they faces are crucial to eliminate. The internal business model operation and other strategies that they have applied are discussed. The more focus is given on the customer service segment and customer relationship management system as the company is famous for their customer oriented tech and management. Based on the analysis the recommendation for improvement in the service strategy is also given (Jurkscheit, 2014). Objective of the study The primary objective of the study is to analyse the different service management framework and implementation strategy of Amazon. While analysing the different aspects, theories and models of service management implementation the recommendation for the improvement of their different business process in alignment with the needed architecture of planning and implementation of the service management will be given in the report. The secondary objective is to apply the theories and models, which are foundation of any service management department and part of organisation. Aligning the theories will be given much emphasis throughout the project (Zurich, 2017). Scope of the study Through this study and research the service management implementation and customer relationship management, which is an essential part of service recovery management system, will be thoroughly discussed. The analysis of the internal and external service management system will be discussed which will further help me build the foundation for further study and increase the domain of the knowledge of any reader of the report, including myself. Background of the company Since the last two decades, Jeff Bezos found the most popular ecommerce sight that has gain the attention of customers worldwide is Amazon and it in 1995. The virtual platform has changed many times over the decades and known as the largest online store. According to the annual report of the company, they serve four kinds of customers consumers, content creators, enterprises, and sellers. The company serves its customers through their official website called Amazon.com. The company operates in the information technology business and therefore the It service process and management system will be discussed in the text (Mohammed Syed, 2015). Key findings and issues The framework that helps companies developing the IT structure in their company is known as the ITIL (Information technology Infrastructure Library) service strategy. The IT service management system is a five-stage process. The company is known as the most successful implementer of customer oriented relationship Management Company (Al Mourad Hussain, 2014). The five stages are Demand management This part goes as designing the strategy that involves portfolio management, financial management, defining the market and preparing for execution (Al Mourad Hussain, 2014). Information security management Capacity and availability management and service catalogue management and supplier management comes under this service design process. Service asset and configuration management Asset management, planning, support, also the validation, and testing of the process and release and deployment and change as well as knowledge management, these are the part of the process of this phase Common service operation activities Problem management and request fulfilments, incidents and access management of the company is known as the service operation process Improvement This part of the phase gives emphasis in improvement of the strategy by reporting and measuring the plans and strategies that have been implemented for continuation of the service improvement (Jurkscheit, 2014). IT service management strategy used by the Amazon Information system The company is totally orientated around the information system that they have to give more of their concentration in improving with the trend and demand of their customers. The first of the suppliers are Digital Alpha services. Then again, the company renovated their system analysis software that included Epiphany, logistics system from manugistics and new DBMS from oracle. Suppliers and communication system For communication with the suppliers, Amazon dealt with Excelon for business-to-business integration system. In addition, Amazon Web Services have been developed for simple storage services for systems developed by Amazon. This service is enabled by the company to store products and data of huge number of customers. In addition, it includes the Customer relationship management system that includes data mining, wish lists and searching through the customers information, which is fast, reliable and secured at every moment (Beloglazove et al., 2012). To track the fraudsters the company they have a technology called Smart Analysis Search(SAS). This reduces the systems malwares and chance of trapping the fraud, by analyzing behavioral pattern, so that the customers as well as the system is secured from further disadvantages of online threats(Klaus, 2013). The company has enabled Service Oriented Architecture (SOA). Thus it has mainly distributed and decentralized the platform of the website and applications. The information system thus is scalable and robust. The SOA concentrate in integrating multiple applications rather than focusing on handling bigger process control. Transaction processing system This system comes under the service process or operational activities that the company operates in. Every customer has a different profile in Amazon. The system lets the customers to personalizing their profile and web tools to help them shopping. The one click purchase system, card transactions, and email communication, direct shipping of products functions operates very efficiently and with one click system. No need to fulfill the order forms every time one makes a purchase. The server is enabled to provide information about their registration required from previous customers (Klaus, 2013).. Information security system Secured transaction system is provided for the customers and debit and credit card information is encrypted while performing the requirement of purchase. The security in the internet is information system is incorporated for further improvement. Based on linking the data among the search and search engine as well as the information from search tools are gathered and mined for their clear and thorough recommendation system. The searches of the customers and queries are patterned and tracked along their plan of enhancing the searching experience and interactive platform are optimized for maximum customer satisfaction (Salovaara, 2015). Interactive searching system Amazon uses the interactive searching option that enables the systems to connect to the customers desired items from the catalogue, gaining information from the search tools (Klaus, 2013). ERP system Amazon uses the ERP of Oracle for the resources that they need from different resources. The automated service of taking order and connecting the need to the nearest distribution center of the delivery is also a part of their enterprise resource system. This system fastens the order taking and fulfillment process by the tracking the order and eliminates any mistakes due to distributional deficiency (Lucio-Nieto et al., 2012). Customer relationship management Customer selection and customer acquisition strategies of Amazon are done by creating database store of the customers account. Wish lists and review systems that are based on the favorite chosen items by customers. This also helps in direct marketing as they have acquired the 3 million customers in 3 months because of their review systems. Customer retention strategy is also the impeccable of the company as results shows that 40% of their listed customers are frequent customer of Amazon (Grnroos et al. 2013). The market place has become competitive in the field in the last years and therefore, the competitive environment have pushed them to extent their customers base. Internal challenges The company operates in a business model that has high pressure and extreme load. The rapidly evolving business models also poses challenges for the company. The trends in industry segment and internet usage pattern are also ever changing which poses risk for the company. Though the company operates on high margin, offering the lowest price to their customers can have negative influence in their bottom line (Lucio-Nieto et al., 2012). The revenue that they operate on is much more dependent upon the cloud service that they give others. The main concern of them is to operate on higher margin rather than losing the medium class customer base of their organisation. Maintaining the suppliers relationship is also very important though dominating their suppliers has been regarded as a grave issue for Amazon being the global leader in ecommerce business (Salovaara, 2015). External challenges The growth and development of Amazon prime in international market has been challenging in the initial years. Flip kart, which has been developed by the two of the ex Amazon employees has ripped the company from its chances of first mover advantage of entering India. Amazons 40% of the revenue from its global market sales, which is Germany, Japan, the UK and other significant geographical area. Snapdeal, eBay, Jabong are main competitors of them in India (Grnroos et al. 2013). In China, the other competitor is Alibaba, which is better established than eBay and Amazon. The biggest initial public offering was given over in China and the market share of the company failed due to their strong presence. Many global and giant retailers are coming online with their own products as well as their optimised websites , which is also challenging for the company to handle as they will have certainly some advantage in terms of following through their customers retention strategy by giving good cus tomer loyalty programs (Osborne et al., 2013). Challenges they face as customers behaviour and demands change The exchange rate risk is always there, which threatens the company and the customer preference in purchase decision of different products. The push strategy in increasing their sale works for them by using the search data and analysing the data by mining. Though the evolving nature of market is always, there Amazons adaptive technology is efficient enough to identify the market trend and predicting the behavioural pattern of their purchase decision. Recommendations to improve on the Service Strategy From the above discussions and analysis, the following strategies to improve their internal and external services can be suggested for Amazon. Competing the in this field has become challenging as the Capital Investment in developing this sectors business is less. Therefore, the competitors are investing a large amount in these sectors. The competitors also include the retail shops of global market. So more and consistent investment in business is required to remain in the future competition (Badinelli et al., 2012). Not only developing the products of their own but also the innovation of better service management and more smooth communication must be implemented in their operation system. The transition of the storage service of the companies from DBMS to clouds must be used (Iden Eikebrokk, 2013) More research and development in identifying the behavioural pattern of their customers and gathering web tools must be used to enrich their customer service and relationship management. Global expansion of the in significant strategic places where supply chain and logistics management activities will be rather effective as well as efficient in purpose of meeting the demand and also the capacity of Amazon will maximise their margin. The procurement from the suppliers and in global context is a huge step but Amazon has advantage of having all the right resource to source from (Buytaert et al., 2014). Drone delivery system and integration of adaptive technologies must also be suggested to be incorporated to the company. Conclusions Therefore, from the above discussion and analysis of the service management system it can be concluded that Amazon is in a position of Global leader in ecommerce field. The most important part of their service management system is the customer relationship management. The ERP and supply chain and logistics management that they use are efficiently optimised. The different operational activity that applies to the Amazon internet base system is given. The external and internal challenges that they faces are discussed in the above text too. The recommendation for further improvement in their service strategy is also given in the above discussion. References Al Mourad, M. B., Hussain, M. (2014). The impact of cloud computing on ITIL service strategy processes.International Journal of Computer and Communication Engineering,3(5), 367. Badinelli, R., Barile, S., Ng, I., Polese, F., Saviano, M., Di Nauta, P. (2012). Viable service systems and decision making in service management.Journal of Service Management,23(4), 498-526. Beloglazov, A., Abawajy, J., Buyya, R. (2012). Energy-aware resource allocation heuristics for efficient management of data centers for cloud computing.Future generation computer systems,28(5), 755-768. Buytaert, W., Zulkafli, Z., Grainger, S., Acosta, L., Alemie, T. C., Bastiaensen, J., ... Foggin, M. (2014). Citizen science in hydrology and water resources: opportunities for knowledge generation, ecosystem service management, and sustainable development.Frontiers in Earth Science,2, 26. Grnroos, C., Edvardsson, B., Sheth, J. N. (2013).Service management. SAGE Publications. Iden, J., Eikebrokk, T. R. (2013). Implementing IT Service Management: A systematic literature review.International Journal of Information Management,33(3), 512-523. Jurkscheit, J. (2014).An analysis of the success factors in implementing an ITIL-based IT Change and Release Management Application: Based on the IBM Change and Configuration Management Database (CCMDB). Anchor Academic Publishing (aap_verlag). Klaus, P. (2013). The case of Amazon. com: towards a conceptual framework of online customer service experience (OCSE) using the emerging consensus technique (ECT).Journal of Services Marketing,27(6), 443-457. Lucio-Nieto, T., Colomo-Palacios, R., Soto-Acosta, P., Popa, S., Amescua-Seco, A. (2012). Implementing an IT service information management framework: The case of COTEMAR.International Journal of Information Management,32(6), 589-594. Mohammed, F. A., Syed, A. M. R. (2015). Data Framework Management System. Munteanu, V. I., Edmonds, A., Bohnert, T. M., Fortis, T. F. (2014, December). Cloud incident management, challenges, research directions, and architectural approach. InProceedings of the 2014 IEEE/ACM 7th International Conference on Utility and Cloud Computing(pp. 786-791). IEEE Computer Society. Osborne, S. P., Radnor, Z., Nasi, G. (2013). A new theory for public service management? Toward a (public) service-dominant approach.The American Review of Public Administration,43(2), 135-158. Salovaara, A. (2015). Developing Service Design Management Processes Towards ITIL Compliance. Zurich, L. B. (2017). Service Operations and Management.

Shadow Banking in China-Free-Samples for Students-Myassignmenthelp

Question: Write a report on "Shadow Banking In China". Answer: Introduction: Due to the tight regulations of the Chinese banking system, shadow banking system has grown rapidly in the nation. The current report would focus on the ways the Chinese banks are regulated. In addition, the concept of shadow banking system is discussed along with the reasons behind its rising growth in China. The third section would lay stress on highlighting the risks that shadow banking has on the Chinese economy. Finally, the report would shed light on whether the government of China needs to enforce strict policies in order to regulate or control shadow banking system within the nation. Ways of regulating the Chinese banks: China used to follow the monolithic banking system, since its central bank, the Peoples Bank of China (PBC) is the sole entity authorised to conduct operations in the nation. The banking system was introduced in 1980 and during that time, four specialised banks were established for accepting deposits and carrying out banking operations (Bottelier 2015). In 1994, the government had established three more banks for particular lending purpose and with the passage of time, it had established a dozen joint stock commercial banking institutions and above 100 city commercial banks to operate in the nation. The major regulatory body governing the banking system of China is the China Banking Regulatory Commission (CBRC) and it enforces the rules and regulations for governing banks in the nation. In addition, the body carries out investigations and oversight of banks, accumulates and releases banking system data, approves bank foundation or diversification along with saving liquidity and solvency issues (Elliott, Kroeber and Qiao 2015). In addition, the PBC has significant control over the banking system of the nation. PBC has an important role to play in minimising total risk along with promoting solidity of the financial system. Furthermore, PBC is involved in regulating foreign exchange and lending between banks along with supervising the settlement and payment system of the nation. Shadow banking and reasons behind its rapid growth in China: In the words of Hsu and Li (2015), shadow banking system could be defined as the financial intermediaries carrying out banking functions in the absence of access to liquidity of the central bank or credit guarantees of the public sector. This system denotes the unregulated activities that the regulated institutions perform as well. The primary reasons that shadow banking has grown rapidly in China are the following: Failure of export-led growth: The net export demand of China has fallen drastically to -10% of GDP in 2009 after the global financial crisis. For combating with the recessionary effects, it had initiated a stimulus plan of RMB 4 trillion (Huang 2015). Even though the macroeconomic conditions are maintained effectively, the debt burden of the economy had increased. A huge portion of such lending had passed through the channel of shadow banking. Financial exclusion: Since the commercial banks could not meet the rising need of SMEs credit, shadow entities have grown up in the form of investment firms, rural credit cooperatives, investment firms, pawn shops and loan organisations. However, these entities charge greater interest rates in contrast to the bank rates generating adequate profits and these are transferred again to the shadow banking system. Risks of shadow banking to the Chinese economy: There are four risks of shadow banking to the Chinese economy, which are elucidated as follows: Liquidity risk: When credit intermediation took place, long-term investments are lent to current liabilities. Hence, this could lead to mismatch of liquidity, which could result in systemic risk. This is because such entities are associated with formal banks (Li, Hsu and Qin 2014). Leverage risk: Since there is absence of any regulatory prohibition on shadow banks, the leverage would be greater. This could raise the stress in the real economy and financial system of China due to development of inflationary tendencies in the economy. Hence, the overall financial system might be fragile highly. Regulatory arbitrage: Due to the presence of tight regulations in the Chinese formal banking system in relation to sources of finance and use of public deposits, the shadow banks evade them by transferring the credit intermediation technique to less or no regulated areas of the financial system. Contagion risk: Since there is strong linkage of the formal banking system with sides of assets and liabilities, the risk related to spread contagion is extremely high at times of uncertainty or loss of confidence (Li 2014). Necessity of governmental actions in regulating or controlling shadow banking: It is necessary for the Chinese government to regulate shadow banking for minimising the associations between capital markets and commercial banks. The commercial banks need include off-balance sheet exposures in its statement of financial position at a minimum rate per quarter (Lu et al. 2015). The trust companies are required to calculate risk capital for the trust loans that the banks have issued and loans obtained via notes and mandate financing need to be abolished. The Chinese government could make efforts to include the shadow banks in the formal system through conversion of underground shadow banks into local banks for meeting the requirements of SMEs (Wei 2016). Finally, CBRC could ask the banks to clear their pools of assets for adopting standalone accounting on the plans of financial management. Conclusion: Based on the above evaluation, it could be stated that China follows the monolithic banking system, in which PBC and CRBC comprise of the primary regulatory agencies governing the banking system of the nation. The reasons identified behind the expansion of shadow banking in China constitute of failure of export-led growth and financial exclusion. The major risks of the shadow banking system in China include liquidity risk, leverage risk, regulatory arbitrage and contagion risk. The primary intention would be to avoid the instability of the financial system of the nation and protection during inflationary times. Finally, it is necessary for the government of China to enforce strict control on the shadow banking system for minimising the associations between capital markets and commercial banks. References: Bottelier, P., 2015. Shadow banking in China.World Bank 1818H Association, Economics and Financial-Chapters [-EB/OLT.(2015-09-12) 2015-09-12. http.//siteresourees, worldbank, org/1818SOCIETY/Resources/Shadow_banking. pdf. Elliott, D., Kroeber, A. and Qiao, Y., 2015. Shadow banking in China: A primer.Brookings Institution,13. Hsu, S. and Li, J., 2015. The rise and fall of shadow banking in China.Political Economy Research Institute, Working Paper Series Number,375. Huang, R.H., 2015. The regulation of shadow banking in China: International and comparative perspectives.Banking Finance Law Review,30(3), p.481. Li, J., Hsu, S. and Qin, Y., 2014. Shadow banking in China: Institutional risks.China Economic Review,31, pp.119-129. Li, T., 2014. Shadow banking in China: expanding scale, evolving structure.Journal of Financial Economic Policy,6(3), pp.198-211. Lu, Y., Guo, H., Kao, E.H. and Fung, H.G., 2015. Shadow banking and firm financing in China.International Review of Economics Finance,36, pp.40-53. Wei, S., 2016.Shadow Banking in China: Risk, Regulation and Policy. Edward Elgar Publishing